Airport Revenue Under Pressure Following Moderate Growth in 2019 and COVID-19 Challenges

Asia-Pacific and Middle East airport revenues are under tremendous pressure two months into 2020 amidst the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, despite moderate growth in 2019.
 
Preliminary January 2020 airport traffic results reveal divergent performance among major aviation hubs in the region with soe airports generating positive growth leading up to the Lunar New Year. However, with the outbreak of COVID-19 occurring in late January, contraction is anticipated.
 
A severe drop in passenger traffic is expected as many countries have imposed travel bans and direct flight cancellations in response to the outbreak, substantially decreasing air connectivity. Scheduled capacity within Asia-Pacific has dropped drastically, in excess of -15% [1], in February. According to the China Ministry of Transportation, the Chinese civil aviation sector handled 38.4 million passengers [2] during the 40-day Lunar New Year travel period [3], representing a decline of 47.5% from the same 40-day period in the previous year.
 
According to the latest estimates by ICAO, issued on 24 February, over 130 airlines have reduced international services or cancelled all operations from/ to mainland China since January [4]. The impact in terms of scheduled international passenger traffic from/to mainland China during the first quarter compared to originally-planned is estimated to report an overall reduction of 17.2 to 20.6 million passengers
 
“The impact of the travel bans and restrictions in response to the outbreak is having a drastic impact on scheduled capacity. It is concerning that China, which contributed close to 60% of the 2019 traffic increase, will no longer be able to fuel growth in this first part of 2020,” said Stefano Baronci, Director General of ACI Asia-Pacific. “Airport revenue generation and growth are directly linked to traffic levels. We can therefore expect declines of significant proportion for airports in affected markets in the first quarter. However, the ripple effect will be felt across many airports beyond our region.”
 
“Many of the hub airports in the Asia-Pacific region are heavily reliant on non-aeronautical revenues, sometimes referred to as commercial revenues. These revenues are derived from rental income, car parking and concessions such as duty-free. On average, Asia-Pacific airports derive as much as 45% of their revenues from non-aeronautical sources.
 
For some hub airports in the region, non-aeronautical revenues are the principal revenue source. Unfortunately, these airports also find themselves in countries that are at the epicenter of the confirmed cases of the coronavirus.”
Full-year 2019 passenger traffic in the Middle East grew by +3.3%, an improvement of +0.7% over 2018. Asia-Pacific traffic grew by +3.0%, less than half the region’s +8.1% growth in 2018. December 2019 figures showed a +4.6% in the Middle East and +6% passenger traffic growth in Asia-Pacific.
 
“Both Asia-Pacific and the Middle East have experienced significant growth over the past five years. The 2019 traffic results indicate a contraction in terms of growth and confirm the concerns related to the negative impact of the trade war boosted by short-term commercial measures that frustrated the economic and social progress of the region,” said Baronci.
 
Further commenting on market conditions, Baronci said, “China as the world’s largest and highest spending outbound tourism market is giving signals of severe difficulty in the first two months of 2020. The aviation sector will need to rethink its connectivity strategy from its heavy reliance on Chinese outbound market.”
 

[1] OAG schedules data as at 20 Feb 2020, considering Scheduled Seats and Scheduled Frequency
[2] China Minstry of Transport (Chinese only)
[3] Lunar New Year 40-day travel period (2019 vs 2020): 2019 -- Jan 21 to Mar 1; 2020 --- Jan 10 to Feb 18
[4] Effects of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Civil Aviation, ICAO, as at 24 February 2020